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  1. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE)
    Source: Freie Universitat Berlin
    Date Published: 1981
    Format: Text
    Annotation: The General Self-Efficacy Scale is a 10-item psychometric scale that is designed to assess optimistic self-beliefs to cope with a variety of difficult demands in life. The scale was originally developed in German by Matthias Jerusalem and Ralf Schwarzer in 1981 and has been used in many studies. In contrast to other scales that were designed to assess optimism, this one explicitly refers to personal agency, i.e., the belief that one's actions are responsible for successful outcomes. This resource was identified by the NIH Disaster Research Response Program (DR2) for researchers looking for pre- and post-disaster data collection instruments.

    Ease of Use in Disaster Setting: Easy
    Flesch-Kincaid Reading Level: 7.5
    Population: All/Anyone
    Length: 10 questions
    Administered by: Self Administered/Self Report
    Language(s): English, Arabic, Armenian, Brazilian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Rumanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovakian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Urdu(Pakistan)
    ...[See more] [See less]
    Type: Guideline/Assessment Tool
    Access Notes: Free/Publicly Available

    Citation(s):
    Warner LM, Gutierrez-Dona B, Villegas Angulo M, Schwarzer R. Resource loss, self-efficacy, and family support predict post-traumatic stress symptoms: a 3-year study of earthquake survivors. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2015;28(3):239-53. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2014.955018. Epub 2014 Aug19. PubMed PMID: 25130373. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25130373. Subscription required.

    Gibbons SW, Shafer M, Aramanda L, Hickling EJ, Benedek DM. Combat health care providers and resiliency: adaptive coping mechanisms during and after deployment. Psychol Serv. 2014 May;11(2):192-9. doi: 10.1037/a0033165. Epub 2013 Jul 17. PubMed PMID: 23855421. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23855421. Subscription required.

    Contact information:

    Contact person: Prof. Dr. Ralf Schwarzer
    Institution: Freie Universitat Berlin, Psychologie
    Address: Habelschwerdter Allee 45,14195 Berlin, Germany
    Fax: +49 30-838-55634
    Email: health@zedat.fu-berlin.de
    Includes Research Tools: Yes.
    ID: 12950. From: Disaster Lit®a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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